地平線系列：火星旅行者指南

The dream of sending humans to Mars is closer than ever before. In fact, many scientists think that the first person to set foot on the Red Planet is alive today. But where should the first explorers visit when they get there?　　Horizon has gathered the world's leading experts on Mars and asked them: where would they go, if they got the chance - and what would they need to surviv...

　　《地平線系列：被黑洞吞噬》講述的是借2013年起天文學家觀測氣體雲“喂”銀河系中心黑洞的事情科普黑洞知識：銀河系中心黑洞的發現、類星體=正在進食的黑洞（以及所以黑洞其實是宇宙中最亮的光源）、黑洞與其所掌控星系質量上的線性關係（0.5\\%）、因而黑洞主宰了星系的規模，對整個星系的形成當然也包括我們的存在實際上具有建設性作用。

The dream of sending humans to Mars is closer than ever before. In fact, many scientists think that the first person to set foot on the Red Planet is alive today. But where should the first explorers visit when they get there?　　Horizon has gathered the world's leading experts on Mars and asked them: where would they go, if they got the chance - and what would they need to surviv...

數學教授漢娜·弗萊（Hannah Fry）習慣於通過數字來調查她周圍的世界。當她在 36 歲被診斷出患有宮頸癌時，她開始通過深入研究統計數據來詢問我們診斷和治療癌症的方式，詢問我們在治療這種疾病方面是否做出了正確的選擇。我們有時是否太快篩查和治療癌症？醫生是否總是誠實地與我們談論這個問題？問這個問題似乎很危險，但我們是否有過度治療癌症的風險？與此同時，漢娜用原始而感人的個人鏡頭記錄了她自己的癌症之旅，癌症診斷後的生活現實暴露無遺。

In just over 100 days, a new coronavirus has taken an unprepared world by storm, infiltrating every ...

　　本部紀錄片是BBC地平線系列推出的一檔研究我們的好朋友狗狗與人類密切關係的紀錄片。我們愛狗勝過地球上其他任何動物，這使得人類與狗狗之間的關係非常的特殊。此次的研究項目，讓我們對人與狗之間的複雜溝通關係有了新的認識。如果沒有完成對狗的馴化，人類就不可能進入文明社會。那麼，我們為何會愛上這曾經是可怕肉食者的狗狗呢？ 這種特殊的關係來自哪裡？狗狗為什麼如此擅長分辨我們的情緒？研究狗狗到底對我們理解人類的舉止有何作用？就讓我們跟隨《狗狗秘聞》的鏡頭，開始此次探秘之旅。　　地平線系列紀錄片是英國廣播公司BBC製作的一檔流行並且播放已久的科學紀錄片，於1964年5月2日首播，到2013年為止已有49個系列超過1100集。本系列紀錄片從歷史、人文、宗教、地理、設計、藝術、生物、哲學、環保、倫理等多個方面，提供世界上最偉大科學家和哲學家一個可以交流他們看法和觀點的平臺，並將他們對世界的新看法引入到我們的日常知識中來的科教節目。

　　在《BBC地平線：貓的秘密生活》的基礎上，更細緻地講述了四隻特定的貓的獨特習性。

Drones are transforming our world. We use them to deliver our medicines, clean our skyscrapers and even fight fires. But there is a dark side to this airborne revolution, from a shocking rise in drone-plane near misses above our heads to last year's sustained drone disruption at Gatwick – Britain's second largest airport – that ruined the Christmas plans of 140,000 people and cost millions.\n \n 　　In this documentary, high-risk specialist and former Royal Marine Aldo Kane sets out to investigate the scale of the threat drones pose to our airports and skies – from rogue hobbyists to determined terrorist attacks. He explores what technologies are out there that governments and the aviation industry can turn to, to keep our skies safe.\n \n 　　Aldo begins his journey by examining the dangers drone collisions pose to planes. He travels to one of the UK's leading impact test facilities to join a team firing drones into a plane wing at 250mph to simulate a mid-air impact and assess the damage. He then uncovers a heart-stopping drone-plane near miss that took place over the skies of London.\n \n 　　Next Aldo investigates the science behind new technology leading drone manufacturers are implementing into their machines to try and keep drones and planes apart. But we see this is far from a fail-safe solution – especially if the drone operator is determined to cause trouble.\n \n 　　Aldo searches for a way to remove dangerous drones from the sky and explores the technological options available. From the crude - shooting a drone down with a high-calibre sniper rifle - to the sophisticated - a cutting-edge radio frequency detection system being trialled by London Southend Airport.\n \n 　　But it is not just rogue hobbyists that we need our drone systems to defend us against. Aldo meets terrorism expert James Rogers to discover how organisations like ISIS are increasingly weaponising drones and how fast-evolving drone technologies – like FPV (first person view) drone flying – are exceptionally difficult to counter. He then hears harrowing evidence from British fighter Macer Gifford, who describes the first-hand experience of coming under daily attacks from ISIS drones in Syria during the battle for Raqqa.\n \n 　　Fortunately, in the UK we have sophisticated military-grade counter-drone technology available to battle a potential weaponised attack. Aldo trials one version of a defence system that was used by the RAF during the Gatwick crisis. We see how its pinpoint electronic jamming attack can remove a drone from the sky in seconds.\n \n 　　But even this technology might not be enough to keep us safe in the future, as drone technology continues to advance. Aldo heads to Philadelphia to meet a company developing a new generation of 'smart drones', and he puts this amazing tech through its paces. These intelligent drones fly fully automatically, mapping their surroundings and making their own decisions. This means they don't rely on an external operator signal for control, and so they can’t be stopped by jamming-based defence systems.\n \n 　　For the last leg of his journey, Aldo heads to Dallas to test out a high-powered laser mounted on a highly mobile dune buggy that can literally melt drones out of the sky. It is one of the few defence systems that could combat the futuristic threat of fully automatic drones. Will we one day be seeing systems like this rolled out around the UK’s airports and other vulnerable locations? And who is going to pay for it?

In 2014, the International Space Station had to move three times to avoid lethal chunks of space debris and there is an increasing problem of satellites mysteriously breaking down. With first-hand accounts from astronauts and experts, Horizon reveals the scale of the problem of space junk. Our planet is surrounded by hundreds of millions of pieces of junk moving at 17,000 miles per hour. Now the US government is investing a billion dollars to track them, and companies around the world are developing ways to clear up their mess - from robot arms to nets and harpoons. Horizon investigates the science behind the hit film Gravity and discovers the reality is far more worrying than the Hollywood fiction.

In March 2018 an international team of scientists gathered in a remote valley in the Canadian Rockies to conduct a unique experiment - to attempt to see into the heart of a massive avalanche to see if we can find ways to save lives in the future. Avalanches kill hundreds of people every year. Even in the UK 25 people have been killed by these forces of nature since the year 2000. But we know surprisingly little about them - why they happen or how they are able to produce destructive forces so powerful that they can flatten entire villages. Equally disturbing is the fact that climate change means that the pattern of avalanches is changing. They are occurring in places where they have never happened before. Finding out where might be in danger in the future is of vital importance. Answering all these questions could help save lives. The experiment attempts to provide those answers.\n \n 　　The team of experts, gathered from all over the world, includes the programme's presenter Prof Danielle George. Her day job is studying space at Manchester University, but she is also a specialist in the design of experiments. She is even getting personally involved. As part of an experiment to test out safety equipment, Danielle puts on the latest breathing device intended to help you survive being caught in an avalanche. She then agrees to be buried under half a tonne of snow.\n \n 　　The scientists hope to do what no one has ever managed before - to reveal the mysteries of an avalanche's destructive power by finding out what is going on at its very heart. Hitherto, our understanding of avalanches has been based on computer models - but these consistently underestimate the sheer power of these natural phenomena. To try and work out why, the scientists will conduct a range of cutting-edge tests, using the latest technology, including placing a car rigged with sensors right in the path of the avalanche. The plan is to set up the equipment and then unleash the avalanche by dropping explosives near the top of the slope. But the team are in a race against time. They have just three days to rig the mountain before the snow will come down the slope naturally. If they aren't ready in time, all their efforts will be wasted. Even worse, they are working in an active avalanche zone. For some scientists going out on the slopes to install their equipment means risking their lives.\n \n 　　Interwoven with the main experiment are powerful and moving stories from survivors of these violent natural forces. We meet Casey George, whose two children were buried when an avalanche struck the small town of Missoula, Montana, completely out of the blue while they were playing. Their neighbour Fred Allendorf was inside his house when it was completely destroyed. The cataclysm claimed the life of his wife. Missoula had never been struck by an avalanche before. And no one could understand how a well-built house could be utterly demolished.\n \n 　　The film meets British snowboarder Johno Verity, who was being filmed when an avalanche started right underneath him. His story provides clues as to what causes these disasters - a subtle change in the microscopic structure of snow deep beneath the surface. In a unique snow lab, where they can recreate different snow conditions, Danielle discovers exactly how snow can be transformed from something light and fluffy into a potential killer. And there is Elyse Saugstad, an expert skier who, despite years of experience, was caught unawares in an avalanche that killed three of her friends. All these stories emphasise just how unpredictable and devastating these events can be and why we need to understand and so be able to predict them better.\n \n 　　In addition to being buried, Danielle George conducts another experiment into equipment that may help skiers survive being caught in an avalanche. Your chances of living rapidly diminish if you are buried for more than 15 minutes. She conducts a test with an inflatable airbag that is designed to keep you near the surface of an avalanche, making you easier to find.\n \n 　　After two intense days of work by the scientific team, the experiment ends with over 1,000 tonnes of snow rushing down the mountainside. It triggers a whole host of censors and observational equipment. There is then a tense wait for results. But when they come, they are revealing. It seems that the team may have uncovered the first clues to an avalanche's unexplained power. If so, this could one day lead to significant breakthroughs in how we build houses and infrastructure that may lie in an avalanche's path and in how we devise safety equipment for skiers. It could be that this experiment will help save lives in the future.

Horizon meets the two men who uncovered Stuxnet, the pioneers of ultra-paranoid computing, a white-hat hacker who showed out how to hac k into stand alone cash machines, and explains how companies test resilience.

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